Registry and ecotoxicological data of Aedes aegypti control products

Abstract

Introduction: Arboviruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti have big relevance for public health worldwide, with chemical vector control being an important mitigation strategy. Nevertheless, the intensive use of insecticides is associated with resistance and environmental toxicity. That is why it is essential to develop and regulate new products, effective and sustainable. Objective: To describe the requirements for regulation of insecticides and repellents in Brazil, in the light of international guidelines. To present, comparatively, the active ingredients approved in Brazil, United States (USA) and the European Union (EU). Finally, to conduct a survey of ecotoxicological studies from active ingredients used for vector control. Method: Narrative review of national and international regulatory instruments, scientific literature, consultation with regulatory agencies and assess to ECOTOX Knowledgebase. Results: Brazilian requirements are in line with international standards. All insecticides active ingredients available in the USA have a monograph approved in Brazil by the National Health Surveillance Agency; the EU was more restrictive. There are fewer topical repellents available in Brazil and in the EU, compared to the USA. Many of the insecticides approved for vector control pose a risk to non-target organisms. However, we did not identify studies for some of them in the researched database. Conclusions: The EU seems  to be the most restrictive agency when it comes to registering insecticides. Specific guides on development of innovative products for vector control are needed, as well as greater transparency in research instruments at the Brazilian agency website. This review also reiterates the necessity of more ecotoxicological analysis regarding insecticides, considering their potential environmental hazard.