Efficiency of a remediation filter (TEVAP) for the removal of pollutants in swine effluents

Abstract

Introduction: Swine breeding is a fast growing activity of socioeconomic relevance and potential pollution, whose sustainable expansion depends on technological alternatives that minimize environmental impact, such as techniques and remediation operations in these areas. Remedial effluents must be properly managed prior to their application to soil to avoid potential environmental contamination and damage to human health. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the physical and chemical parameters of effluent samples, before and after the treatment through a system of evapotranspiration (TEVAP) for swine manure. Method: Physical-chemical aspects were investigated, evaluated before (control: raw effluent) and after treatment, 10 days (treated effluent) and 40 days (final effluent) were investigated. In addition, a microbiological evaluation was performed. Results: The hydrogenation potential (pH) did not change. There was a reduction of chemical substances (chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammoniacal nitrogen, chlorides), total dissolved solids (TDS), temperature, alkalinity, electrical conductivity, total hardness and thermotolerant
coliforms, for treated and final effluents. There was an increase in dissolved oxygen (OD). The efficiency of the COD system for the treated effluent was 40%, and for the final effluent was 98%. Conclusions: Chemical and microbiological results indicate that the treated effluent, i.e. gray water, can be reused for cleaning pig facilities, although there is a need for additional treatment to achieve complete inactivation for use and direct contact with animals. The low cost of implementation of TEVAP, together with the efficiency of the organic load removal, and with the rural communities, allows the mitigation of negative impacts to the environment, propitiating prevention in the transmission of possible diseases.