Influence of donor microbiota and of graft storage on corneal transplantation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22239/2317-269X.01853Keywords:
Microbiota; Transplante de Córnea; Meio de Preservação; Resistência a AntimicrobianosAbstract
Introduction: Corneal transplantation it is the main treatment for people who have corneal curvature or transparency disorders. In Brazil, there is no unifed protocol on the means of preservation, storage time and antibiotics used. The concern is that pathogens are transferred to transplant recipients, causing eye infections after transplantation. Objective: Examine ocular microbiota of corneal donors, to verify a possible correlation with infections in recipients and thus assist in improving corneal storage methodologies and protocols. Method: Literature review conducted in PubMed, SciELO and the following websites: CAPES Journals, Anvisa, Brazilian Ministry of Health and ABTO, between 2018 and 2020. Results: Studies based on microorganism’s cultivation show coagulase negative Staphylococcus in 30% to 100% of samples isolated from conjunctiva. In lesser quantities are Streptococcus, Corynebacterium and Propionibacterium. Gram-negative bacteria appear in much lower numbers, represented by the genera Haemophilus, Neisseria, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Proteus and Acinetobacter. On the other hand, results based on independent cultivation techniques bring Pseudomonas as the main colonizer of the conjunctiva. Also, they have a much greater diversity of colonizers, showing a potential feld of study. The ocular surface may have a much greater diversity of species and potential pathogens than was expected. The main means of preservation used in Brazil contain the antimicrobials gentamicin and streptomycin in their composition; however, several studies have shown that bacteria present in the means of preservation are resistant to these antibiotics. Conclusions: These data point to the need for a reassessment of the efciency of these means of preservation in decontaminating corneas for transplantation.
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