Severe acute respiratory syndrome in indigenous people in the context of the COVID-19’s pandemic in Brazil: an analysis from the perspective of epidemiological surveillance
Keywords:
COVID-19; Epidemiology; Pandemics; Health of Indigenous Peoples, Health SurveillanceAbstract
Introduction: Indigenous populations are more vulnerable to respiratory infections and face situations that can worsen the evolution and prognosis of COVID-19. In this context, identifying the groups exposed to the greatest risk and proposing strategies for prediction, prevention and control are the premises of Epidemiological Surveillance. Objective: To analyze the impact of COVID-19’s pandemic on the Brazilian indigenous population considering hospitalizations for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Method: Epidemiological, descriptive and quantitative study of SARS cases in self-declared indigenous patients notified to the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System (SIVEPGripe)
of the Health Surveillance Secretary of the Ministry of Health (SVS/MS) of Brazil, from 01/01 to 16/06 of 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020. Results: The total number of SARS cases was 688, with 318 confirmed for COVID-19. Of the patients with SARS, 237 evolved with discharge and 211 with death. For COVID-19, 81 evolved with discharge and 155 with death. Cases and deaths by SARS and COVID-19 were predominated in males. The cases and deaths were predominant among children under 1 year old and among those over 50 years old. For SARS, rural cases and deaths predominated and, for COVID-19, the urban ones. There was a predominance of cases of SARS and COVID-19 in the states of Amazonas, São Paulo and Pará. Deaths predominated in the states of Amazonas, Pará and Roraima. Conclusions: The populations are subjected to situations of greater vulnerability during the pandemic, representing a risk to their health and their cultural heritage. More research and effective epidemiological surveillance actions aimed at this population are essential.
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